分类： 赛事动态

Over the years, the beavers constructed a huge beaver den with many, many rooms. The rooms are numbered and arranged in a particular tunnel structure.

多年来，海狸们建造了一个巨大的海狸窝，里面有许多许多的房间。这些房间都编了号，并按照特定的隧道结构排列着。

Click on the picture to move through the den.

点击图片在洞穴中移动。

Question: 问题:

Find the room with number 1337. Click on 'Save' once you've found it.

找到编号为 1337 的房间。找到后点击“保存”。

 

 

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The numbers are arranged in such a way that taking a left exit brings you to a room with a higher number, and taking the right exit brings you to a room with a lower number. Once you realize this, it is very easy to click correctly and you will find the room you are looking for. Click on the floor to go back one step.

这些数字的排列方式是这样的：从左边的出口出去会进入一个数字更高的房间，从右边的出口出去会进入一个数字更低的房间。一旦你明白了这一点，点击就会变得非常容易，你很快就能找到你要找的房间。点击地板可以后退一步。Despite the fact that there are actually 511 different rooms, one can find any room with at most 9 clicks. With every click, we can halve the number of remaining rooms. So from 511 we get down to 255, then 127, then 63 and so on down to 1.

尽管实际上有 511 个不同的房间，但最多只需点击 9 次就能找到任何一个房间。每次点击，剩余房间的数量都会减半。所以从 511 个减到 255 个，再减到 127 个，然后是 63 个，以此类推，直到只剩 1 个。

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The beavers want to encode numbers. They developed the Quick-Beaver-Code (QB-Code).

海狸们想要对数字进行编码。于是它们开发出了“快速海狸码”（QB 码）。

This is a code consisting of squares. Every square has a certain value.

这是一个由方格组成的代码。每个方格都有一定的值。

The squares are filled line by line from the bottom to the top and from right to left.

这些方格是按照从下到上、从右到左的顺序，一行接一行地进行填满的。

The value of the ottom right square is 1. The other squares have double the value of the square before them.

右下角的方格的值为 1。其他方格的值都是其前一个方格的两倍。

Example: 例子:

Here is a 3x3 QB-Code. The beavers have encoded a number by darkening some squares.

这里有一个 3×3 的 QB 码。海狸们通过将一些方格涂黑来编码了一个数字。

The number encoded is the sum of the values of the dark squares.

编码的数字是所有深色方格数值的总和。

So the number encoded in this QB-Code is 2 + 32 + 64 = 98.

因此，此 QB 码所编码的数字为 2×32×64 = 98。

Question: 问题:

Of the following 4x4 QB-Codes, which one encodes the highest number?

在以下 4x4 的 QB 码中，哪一个编码的数字最大？

 

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The answer is答案是 。

We will first show an example by using a 3x3 QB code

我们将首先通过一个 3×3 的二维码来展示一个示例。

We can be rearranged in a row:

我们可以排成一排：

or write it simply as 001100010. Computing the value represented by the above QB code is the same converting 001100010 from binary to decimal.

或者简单地写成 001100010。计算上述 QB 代码所表示的值，与将 001100010 从二进制转换为十进制是相同的。

Now we must think about number comparison. How do you compare 9-digit numbers written in decimal? Which one is larger, 934326958 or 936715871? You decided at the third digit, right? The first two digits are the same and the third is different, so it decides which number is larger.

现在我们必须思考数字的比较。如何比较用十进制书写的九位数？934326958 和 936715871 哪个更大？你在第三位上就做出了判断，对吧？前两位相同，第三位不同，所以它决定了哪个数更大。

Comparison in binary works the same: 010100111 is larger than 010011010. They both start with 010 and differ in the fourth digit: the second number is larger since its fourth bit is 1.

二进制数的比较方式相同：010100111 比 010011010 大。它们都以 010 开头，并且在第四个数字上有所不同：第二个数更大，因为它的第四个位是 1。

Numbers represented by A and C start with 00; B and D start with 01, so they are larger. If we compare B and D, we notice the first difference is the fourth square in the second row: D is larger.

由 A 和 C 表示的数字以 00 开头；B 和 D 以 01 开头，所以它们更大。如果我们比较 B 和 D，会发现第一个不同之处在第二行的第四个方格：D 更大。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

Gerald was playing in the woods. He used nuts and sticks to create four nice animals.

杰拉尔德在树林里玩耍。他用坚果和树枝做成了四只漂亮的动物。

His sister managed to bend the animals around without removing any of the sticks.

他姐姐设法把那些动物绕过来摆好，一根棍子也没拿掉。

Gerald was very upset because he really loved the figure of a dog.

杰拉尔德非常难过，因为他真的很喜欢那尊狗的雕像。

Question: 问题:

Which of the following figures can be bent back to make the figure of the dog again? Click on the figure you select.以下哪个图形可以折回去再次变成狗的形状？点击你选择的图形。

A.

 

B.

  

C.

 

 

 

 

 

D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

Each animal is determined by the connections between its parts. The specific positions of parts and angles of connections may change during the dance, but that does not change the animal itself. So we need to determine pairs of pictures with the same structure on them.

每种动物都由其各部分之间的连接关系所决定。在舞蹈过程中，各部分的具体位置和连接角度可能会发生变化，但这并不会改变动物本身。所以我们需要找出结构相同的成对图片。

Let's start with the starfish. It has a regular structure and is therefore easiest to spot: one central part and five arms. There is only one possibility among transformed animals:

我们先从海星说起。它结构规整，因而最容易辨认：一个中心部分和五条臂。在变形动物中只有一种可能：

The giraffe is quite like a starfish, except for that one arm is longer, it is the neck with the head. So we search for an animal with four short legs, one longer neck, all attached to one part, the body.

长颈鹿很像海星，只不过其中一条“臂”更长，那就是脖子和头。所以我们寻找一种动物，它有四条短腿，一条长脖子，都连在一个部位，即身体上。

The sea lion is also similar, but one of the short pieces is missing, so the central part only has four connections.

海狮也是类似的，但其中一段短的缺失了，所以中间部分只有四个连接点。

Last remaining is the dog. It has seven parts and none of them is clearly central.

最后剩下的是狗。它有七个部分，但没有一个部分是明显的中心。

Three very fast beavers will compete in a cross-country run.

三只非常敏捷的海狸将参加一场越野赛跑。

Mr. Brown will overtake one beaver when running uphill.布朗先生在上坡跑时会超过一只海狸。
Mrs. Pink will overtake one beaver when running downhill.平克夫人在下坡跑时会超过一只海狸。
Mrs.Green will overtake one beaver when running across rocks.格林夫人在岩石上奔跑时会超过一只海狸。

The terrain is shown in the picture: uphill, followed by some rocks, downhill and then some more rocks.

地形如图所示：先是上坡，接着是一些岩石，然后是下坡，最后还有一些岩石。

Mrs. Pink starts in the first position, followed by Mr. Brown and Mrs. Green.

平克夫人排在第一位，接着是布朗先生和格林夫人。

Question: 问题:

In which order will the beavers finish the race?海狸们会以怎样的顺序完成比赛？

A. Mr. Brown, Mrs. Green, Mrs. Pink

B. Mrs. Pink, Mr. Brown, Mrs. Green

C. Mr. Brown, Mrs. Pink, Mrs. Green

D. Mrs. Green, Mrs. Pink, Mr. Brown

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

Two friends, Anna and Bob, are searching for a treasure.

两个朋友，安娜和鲍勃，正在寻找一件宝藏。

They each have a smartphone app that shows them the direction to the treasure they are looking for.

他们每个人都有一个智能手机应用程序，能为他们指明正在寻找的宝藏的方向。

The two boxes (marked with an X) on the map show where the treasure is.

地图上标有 X 的两个方框显示了宝藏的位置。

Anna is searching for box 1 (X1) and Bob is looking for box 2 (X2).

安娜正在寻找 1 号箱子（X1），鲍勃正在寻找 2 号箱子（X2）。

Anna and Bob are standing in the same place. The picture shows the map and a screenshot of the smartphones.

安娜和鲍勃站在同一个地方。图片展示了地图和智能手机的截图。

Question: 问题:

Where are Anna and Bob standing?安娜和鲍勃站在哪里？

A.

B.

C.

D.  

 

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The correct answer is 正确答案是.  。Place  is wrong because the slanted arrow doesn’t not point at any object on the map from this place.

这个地方不对，因为从这里出发，倾斜的箭头没有指向地图上的任何物体。

Place  is wrong; when placing one friend to cahce 1 and the other friend to cahce 2, their devices will arrow to this tree. But these friends are standing on the same place.

地点有误；当让一位朋友去藏 1 号物品，另一位朋友去藏 2 号物品时，他们的设备会指向这棵树。但这两个朋友站在同一个地方。

The  is wrong: probably you have chosen it because both arrows seem to point to this place. But we are not searching the target of these arrows but the place the arrows are going. 

这种想法是错误的：或许你选择它是因为两个箭头似乎都指向这个地方。但我们寻找的不是箭头所指的目标，而是箭头所去的方向。

2015年Bebras挑战练习题

Castors (8-10岁) 集合

名称	类型
Beaver Travel（海狸旅行）	A
Lollipops（棒棒糖）	A
Faces and Glasses（脸和眼镜）	A
Mushrooms（蘑菇）	B
Beaver Dam（海狸水坝）	B
Setting the table（摆桌子）	B
Bracelet（手镯）	B
Animal Competition（动物竞争）	C
Animation（动画）	C
Crane Operating（起重机操作）	C
Trams（有轨电车）	C

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The tram lines in Beaver City all have their own number. Unfortunately the numbers are only shown on this map.

比弗市的有轨电车线路都有各自的编号。遗憾的是，这些编号仅在这张地图上有标注。

You cannot see the line number anywhere when you are on a tram!

当你在有轨电车上时，根本看不到线路编号！

You get onto a tram at the main depot where all the lines begin.

你在所有线路的起点——主车厂登上一辆有轨电车。

After three stations your tram makes a turn, and at the next station it makes another turn.

过了三站，您的有轨电车转弯，再下一站又转弯。

Four stations later you have arrived at your destination.

四站之后，您已到达目的地。

Question: 问题:

Which tram line were you on?

你当时在哪个有轨电车线路？

A. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 6

E. 8

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The crane in the port of Lodgedam responds to six different input commands:

洛德达姆港的起重机能响应六种不同的输入指令：

1. left 左
2. right 右
3. up 向上
4. down 下来
5. catch 抓
6. release 释放

Crate A is in the left position, crate B is in the position on the right.

箱子 A 在左边的位置，箱子 B 在右边的位置。

Question: 问题:

Using the command buttons, swap the position of the two crates and finalize by leaving the crane in its initial position.

使用命令按钮，交换两个集装箱的位置，最后将起重机放回初始位置。

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The correct sequence of commands is:

正确的命令序列是：

Down Catch Up Right Down Release Up Right Down Catch Up Left Left Down Release Up Right Down Catch Up Right Down Release Up Left Left

向下 捕获 向右 向下 释放 向上 向右 向下 捕获 向上 向左 向左 向下 释放 向上 向右 向下 捕获 向上 向右 向下

When operating machines and computers, you must put the commands in the correct order. 

在操作机器和计算机时，您必须按正确的顺序输入指令。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

Taro is planning an animation of a face that is made from a sequence of pictures.

太郎正在计划制作一个由一系列图片组成的动画脸。

So that the animation runs smoothly, only one feature of the face should change from one picture to the next.

为了使动画流畅运行，从一张图片到下一张图片，面部只应有一个特征发生变化。

Unfortunately, the pictures got mixed up. Now Taro must find the correct order again. Luckily, he knows which picture is last.

不幸的是，照片弄乱了。现在太郎必须重新找出正确的顺序。幸运的是，他知道哪张照片是最后一张。

Question: 问题:

Put the pictures in the correct order by dragging them onto the squares.将图片按正确顺序拖放到方格中。

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

If we were to identify the beavers as follows:如果我们按如下方式来识别海狸： The correct order of the five other pictures is: B → D → C → A → E

另外五张图片的正确顺序是：B → D → C → A → EThese are the only attribute changes from one picture to the next:

以下是从一张图片到下一张图片的唯一属性变化：               

B → D:    The ears change from large to small.

B 到 D：耳朵由大变小。               

D → C:    The whiskers change from curly to straight.

D 到 C：胡须从卷曲变直了。                

C → A:    The nose changes from small to large.

C 到 A ：鼻子从小变大了。                

A → E:    The mouth changes from plain to smile.

A 到 E：嘴巴从平直变为微笑。 

E → last picture:    The number of teeth changes from 3 to 2.

E 到 最后一张图：牙齿的数量从 3 颗变为 2 颗。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The beavers and dogs had a competition. In total nine animals took part.

海狸和狗举行了一场竞赛。总共有九只动物参加。

The nine participants had the following scores: 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7.

九位参赛者的得分如下：1 分、2 分、2 分、3 分、4 分、5 分、5 分、6 分、7 分。

No dog scored more than any beaver.

没有狗的得分超过任何一只海狸。

One dog had a tie with a beaver.

有一只狗和一只海狸结伴而行。

There were also two other dogs that had a tie with each other.

还有另外两只狗彼此关系也很亲密。

Question: 问题:

How many dogs took part in the competition?有多少只狗参加了比赛？

A. 2

B. 3

C. 5

D. 6

E. 7

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The answer D (6) is correct.

答案 D（6）是正确的。

If no dog scored more than any beaver, we can order animals in a row so that a border could be laid between dogs and beavers.

如果没有任何一只狗的得分高于任何一只海狸，那么我们就可以将动物们排成一排，从而在狗和海狸之间划出一条分界线。

Example: _dogs1, 2, 2, 3, | 4, 5, 5, 6, 7 _beavers , where "|" means border between dogs and beavers.

示例：<b0></b0>；1、2、2、3、| 4、5、5、6、7 <b1></b1>；，其中“|”表示狗和海狸之间的分界线。

Because one dog scored same as one beaver and there are two pairs of the same value in the row: 2, 2 and 5, 5, some dog must have scored 2 or 5 (and of course some beaver too).

因为一只狗的得分与一只海狸相同，而且这一行中有两对相同的数字：2 和 2 以及 5 和 5，所以一定有一只狗得分为 2 或 5（当然也有一只海狸得同样的分）。

If 2, 2 would be a border between dogs and beavers, two dogs must have scored 5, 5 and then they will be better than the beaver that scored 2. This is in contradiction with the task settings.

如果 2、2 是狗和海狸之间的分界线，那么两只狗的得分必须是 5、5，这样它们就会比得分为 2 的海狸更好。这与任务设定相矛盾。

So the dog and the beaver with the same score must have score 5, and the border between dogs and beavers must be between 5 | 5:

所以得分相同的狗和海狸的得分一定是 5 分，狗和海狸之间的分界线一定在 5 | 5 之间：

_dogs 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, | 5, 6, 7 _beavers.

6 dogs participated in a competition. 

6 只狗参加了一场比赛。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）