分类： 赛事动态

2015年Bebras挑战练习题

Castors (8-10岁) 集合

名称	类型
Beaver Travel（海狸旅行）	A
Lollipops（棒棒糖）	A
Faces and Glasses（脸和眼镜）	A
Mushrooms（蘑菇）	B
Beaver Dam（海狸水坝）	B
Setting the table（摆桌子）	B
Bracelet（手镯）	B
Animal Competition（动物竞争）	C
Animation（动画）	C
Crane Operating（起重机操作）	C
Trams（有轨电车）	C

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The tram lines in Beaver City all have their own number. Unfortunately the numbers are only shown on this map.

比弗市的有轨电车线路都有各自的编号。遗憾的是，这些编号仅在这张地图上有标注。

You cannot see the line number anywhere when you are on a tram!

当你在有轨电车上时，根本看不到线路编号！

You get onto a tram at the main depot where all the lines begin.

你在所有线路的起点——主车厂登上一辆有轨电车。

After three stations your tram makes a turn, and at the next station it makes another turn.

过了三站，您的有轨电车转弯，再下一站又转弯。

Four stations later you have arrived at your destination.

四站之后，您已到达目的地。

Question: 问题:

Which tram line were you on?

你当时在哪个有轨电车线路？

A. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 6

E. 8

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The crane in the port of Lodgedam responds to six different input commands:

洛德达姆港的起重机能响应六种不同的输入指令：

1. left 左
2. right 右
3. up 向上
4. down 下来
5. catch 抓
6. release 释放

Crate A is in the left position, crate B is in the position on the right.

箱子 A 在左边的位置，箱子 B 在右边的位置。

Question: 问题:

Using the command buttons, swap the position of the two crates and finalize by leaving the crane in its initial position.

使用命令按钮，交换两个集装箱的位置，最后将起重机放回初始位置。

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The correct sequence of commands is:

正确的命令序列是：

Down Catch Up Right Down Release Up Right Down Catch Up Left Left Down Release Up Right Down Catch Up Right Down Release Up Left Left

向下 捕获 向右 向下 释放 向上 向右 向下 捕获 向上 向左 向左 向下 释放 向上 向右 向下 捕获 向上 向右 向下

When operating machines and computers, you must put the commands in the correct order. 

在操作机器和计算机时，您必须按正确的顺序输入指令。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

Taro is planning an animation of a face that is made from a sequence of pictures.

太郎正在计划制作一个由一系列图片组成的动画脸。

So that the animation runs smoothly, only one feature of the face should change from one picture to the next.

为了使动画流畅运行，从一张图片到下一张图片，面部只应有一个特征发生变化。

Unfortunately, the pictures got mixed up. Now Taro must find the correct order again. Luckily, he knows which picture is last.

不幸的是，照片弄乱了。现在太郎必须重新找出正确的顺序。幸运的是，他知道哪张照片是最后一张。

Question: 问题:

Put the pictures in the correct order by dragging them onto the squares.将图片按正确顺序拖放到方格中。

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

If we were to identify the beavers as follows:如果我们按如下方式来识别海狸： The correct order of the five other pictures is: B → D → C → A → E

另外五张图片的正确顺序是：B → D → C → A → EThese are the only attribute changes from one picture to the next:

以下是从一张图片到下一张图片的唯一属性变化：               

B → D:    The ears change from large to small.

B 到 D：耳朵由大变小。               

D → C:    The whiskers change from curly to straight.

D 到 C：胡须从卷曲变直了。                

C → A:    The nose changes from small to large.

C 到 A ：鼻子从小变大了。                

A → E:    The mouth changes from plain to smile.

A 到 E：嘴巴从平直变为微笑。 

E → last picture:    The number of teeth changes from 3 to 2.

E 到 最后一张图：牙齿的数量从 3 颗变为 2 颗。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The beavers and dogs had a competition. In total nine animals took part.

海狸和狗举行了一场竞赛。总共有九只动物参加。

The nine participants had the following scores: 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7.

九位参赛者的得分如下：1 分、2 分、2 分、3 分、4 分、5 分、5 分、6 分、7 分。

No dog scored more than any beaver.

没有狗的得分超过任何一只海狸。

One dog had a tie with a beaver.

有一只狗和一只海狸结伴而行。

There were also two other dogs that had a tie with each other.

还有另外两只狗彼此关系也很亲密。

Question: 问题:

How many dogs took part in the competition?有多少只狗参加了比赛？

A. 2

B. 3

C. 5

D. 6

E. 7

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The answer D (6) is correct.

答案 D（6）是正确的。

If no dog scored more than any beaver, we can order animals in a row so that a border could be laid between dogs and beavers.

如果没有任何一只狗的得分高于任何一只海狸，那么我们就可以将动物们排成一排，从而在狗和海狸之间划出一条分界线。

Example: _dogs1, 2, 2, 3, | 4, 5, 5, 6, 7 _beavers , where "|" means border between dogs and beavers.

示例：<b0></b0>；1、2、2、3、| 4、5、5、6、7 <b1></b1>；，其中“|”表示狗和海狸之间的分界线。

Because one dog scored same as one beaver and there are two pairs of the same value in the row: 2, 2 and 5, 5, some dog must have scored 2 or 5 (and of course some beaver too).

因为一只狗的得分与一只海狸相同，而且这一行中有两对相同的数字：2 和 2 以及 5 和 5，所以一定有一只狗得分为 2 或 5（当然也有一只海狸得同样的分）。

If 2, 2 would be a border between dogs and beavers, two dogs must have scored 5, 5 and then they will be better than the beaver that scored 2. This is in contradiction with the task settings.

如果 2、2 是狗和海狸之间的分界线，那么两只狗的得分必须是 5、5，这样它们就会比得分为 2 的海狸更好。这与任务设定相矛盾。

So the dog and the beaver with the same score must have score 5, and the border between dogs and beavers must be between 5 | 5:

所以得分相同的狗和海狸的得分一定是 5 分，狗和海狸之间的分界线一定在 5 | 5 之间：

_dogs 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, | 5, 6, 7 _beavers.

6 dogs participated in a competition. 

6 只狗参加了一场比赛。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

Emily has broken her favorite bracelet. The broken bracelet now looks like this:

艾米丽弄坏了她最喜欢的那条手链。这条断了的手链现在看起来是这样的：

Question: 问题:

Which of the following four bracelets shows what the bracelet looked like when it was whole?

以下四个手镯中，哪一个显示了手镯完好无损时的样子？

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The correct answer is:  正确答案是：This bracelet follows the beads in the same order as the broken bracelet. With the bracelets, you notice that either the orange triangle and yellow star are swapped, or the orange triangle and blue hexagon beads are in the wrong place, or that the yellow star and green oblong beads are in the wrong place.

这条手链上的珠子顺序与断掉的手链相同。观察这两条手链，你会发现要么橙色三角形和黄色五角星的位置互换了，要么橙色三角形和蓝色六边形的珠子位置不对，要么黄色五角星和绿色长方形的珠子位置不对。

Beaver Bob has set the breakfast-table as shown in the picture.

河狸鲍勃已将早餐桌布置成如图所示的样子。

Question: 问题:

In which order has he placed the objects on the table?

他把那些东西放在桌子上是按什么顺序排列的？

A. napkin, knife, table cloth, cup and saucer, plate

B. table cloth, napkin, cup and saucer, knife, plate

C. table cloth, napkin, cup and saucer, plate, knife

D. table cloth, cup and saucer, napkin, plate, knife

 

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The correct answer is: table cloth, cup and saucer, napkin, plate, knife

正确答案是：桌布、茶杯和茶碟、餐巾、盘子、刀

The "table cover" was the first because all things are on it. The next was the "cup and saucer" because napkin is covering part of the saucer. The "plate" is on the "napkin" and "knife" is on the "napkin" and on the "plate".“

桌布”是第一个，因为所有东西都在它上面。接下来是“茶杯和茶碟”，因为餐巾盖住了茶碟的一部分。“盘子”在“餐巾”上，“刀”在“餐巾”上，也在“盘子”上。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）

The Birchtree family needs to water their fields. Only the fields with flowers need to be watered. The other fields must remain dry.

白桦树一家需要给他们的田地浇水。只有种着花的田地需要浇水，其他的田地必须保持干燥。

Question: 问题:

Help the Birchtree family produce a plan by clicking on the gates to open or close them.

点击大门将其打开或关闭，帮助白桦树一家制定一个计划。

Provide a solution where water only flows to the fields with flowers in.

提供一种解决方案，让水只流向种有花的田地。

(Note: Although the gates will open and close, the water will not flow as this would make the problem far too easy!)

（注意：尽管闸门会开合，但水不会流动，因为那样会使问题变得太简单了！）

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

Three beavers are standing in a forest.

三只海狸站在森林里。

Each wants to go where there are mushrooms. Arrows in the picture to the right show the directions the beavers will walk.每只都想去有蘑菇的地方。

右边图片中的箭头显示了海狸们行走的方向。

Where do the beavers end up?

海狸最后都去了哪里？

Drag each beaver to where it ends up and then save your answer.

将每只海狸拖到它最终所在的位置，然后保存您的答案。

Explanation 解释

Different facial expressions match different styles of glasses as shown here.

如图所示，不同的面部表情与不同风格的眼镜相匹配。

Here is a new sequence of faces:

这里有一组新的面孔：

Four options of glasses for this sequence of faces are given below.

以下为这组面孔提供的四种眼镜款式。

Each option lists one style of glasses for each facial expression in order from left to right.

每个选项从左至右依次列出了每种面部表情所适合的一种眼镜款式。

Question: 问题:

Find the option where the fewest faces wear the wrong glasses. 

找出戴错眼镜的人脸最少的那个选项。

A.

B.

C.

D.

 

 

 

Explanation 解释

The correct answer is: 

正确答案是：

The best answer is the one which differs in the fewest places from a completely correct order. The solution D differs in one 1 position (the left-most), while the others differ in more than one place.

最佳答案是与完全正确的顺序差异最少的那个。答案 D 只在一个位置（最左边的位置）不同，而其他答案在不止一个位置上存在差异。

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（Bebras每日一练部分展示）